Arrangement for increasing the efficiency of lifting, traction, and propulsion means



ARRANGEIENT FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF LIPTING, TRACTION, .AND PROPULSION IEAIS Filed-July 6, 1928 Au 12, 1930. E. J. PETER 1,772,680

Ai I rrimrop.

Patented Aug. 12, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE EDOUABD JOSEPH PETER, OF VILLEMOMBLE, FRANCE ARRANGEMENT FOB INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF LIFTING, TRACTIdN, AND

PROPULSION MEANS Applicationflled July 6, 1928, Serial No. 290,862, and in Switzerland 111177, 1927.

The present invention, of divine inspiration, relates to an improved arrangement adapted to increase the efficiency of the elements employed for lifting, traction, propulsion and steering, such as the planes or wings of aircrafts and aerial propellers in general.

The arrangement according to the invention is characterized by the fact that at least two planes orwings or propeller blades, are superposed according to a stepped disposition and are horizontally spaced apart, so that the fluid which enters below each plane, wing or propeller blade, will be projected and compressed perpendicularly to the latter and in the rear of the preceding element, with reference to the direction of travel of said elements. I

My said improvement is of a general order,

and is applicable to propellers for traction or propulsion which act upon. the air or the water or are acted upon by the same, and also to inclined planes WhlCh are moving forwardor rotat1ng, or 1n WlllCh these movements are =combined, as well as the rudders.

In the appended drawing given only by way of example:

The figure shows a sectional view of an arrangement of aerofoils according to the invention.

The pressures upon thelower face of a plane to which a motion of translation is imparted are greater near the leading edge, then diminish at a rapid rate and then diminish gradually, and finally become zero at the rear edge.

To take advantage of this principle, let it i be assumed that a wing plane is decomposed by sectioning it in the lengthwise direction, thus forming several elements PP -P P --P,-which are superposed in the vertical direction and which, when projected in the horizontal plane, are spaced apart as shown in the drawing.

The current of air A meets the lower face of the plane P and is projected perpcndicularly at the point of contact, against the lower air current A2, thus producing a compression which forces out the two air currents, the first downwardly and the second according to an upward curve in the rear of the plane P.

The air current A, is projected by the plane P against the rising air current A which impels the air current Ai thus producing a compression below the plane P and in the rear of the preceding plane which occupies a lower position; this compression is stronger than the one caused by the plane P and it forces the opposite air currents upwardly'and downwardly as in the preceding case.

The same action is repeated with each of the succeeding planes, and this principle characterizes the carrying feathers of the wings of the large birds which are able to carry prey whose weight exceeds their own.

By the said arrangement of multipleplanes I am able to obtain an accumulation of maximum pressures which is a multiple of the is losing speed, it will be more readily righted,

the air being allowed to pass between the planes; When starting in flight, or landing, the ac uired speed of the apparatus will be less a ected by a gust of wind striking the top of the wings in a direction which is oblique to the line of flight.

In addition to a very strong and simple construction, the said. apparatus will afiord a wide range of sight and will provide for the maximum range of speeds while ofiering an approved safety and stability.

The said planes or wings, independently of their shape, may or not be connected together by struts, ribs or ties, and the propeller blades ma be joined together or not at or near the en s. Similarly the set of planes, wings, or propeller blades, or the like, may be constituted by a first or main portion in one piece and by a number of planes, wings or blades Having now described my invention, what i I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

In an aircraft, a 'wing embodying a plurality of elements, the chord of each element is but a small fraction of the total chord of the wing, said elements being disposed in a negative staggered relation of from the forward element towards the rear and successively horizontally spaced apart at substantially one chord interval.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

EDOUARD JOSEPH PETER. 

